In a landmark move to bolster global health security, a major update to the Harmonized System (HS) was published on January 21, introducing 38 new dedicated customs codes for vaccines and essential medical supplies.
The initiative, led by the World Customs Organization (WCO) in collaboration with the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), is designed to eliminate the logistical “blind spots” that hindered the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Under the current system, human vaccines are classified under broad categories, making it difficult for governments to track specific supply chains or implement rapid-response policies. The new HS 2028 standards, set to enter into force on January 1, 2028, will provide unprecedented visibility for:
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Human Vaccines: Specific codes for various vaccine types.
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Critical Infrastructure: Mobile clinics and ambulances.
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Protective Gear: Targeted codes for facemasks and personal protective equipment (PPE).
The update is a direct response to findings from the WTO Committee on Market Access, which noted that a lack of detailed classification delayed tariff exemptions and slowed customs clearance during the COVID-19 crisis.
“These modifications will equip policymakers with more precise tools to respond to future crises, notably by fast-tracking the importation of vaccines,” said WTO Director-General Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala. “It illustrates how multilateral cooperation addresses global challenges and shapes international standards.”
| Feature | Impact |
| Enhanced Visibility | Better mapping of global supply chains for critical health products. |
| Targeted Policy | Allows for specific tariff exemptions and faster customs “green lanes.” |
| Improved Statistics | Provides accurate data for long-term health planning and emergency readiness. |
| Global Security | Strengthens the ability of Customs to protect society during endemic or pandemic threats. |
WCO Secretary-General Ian Saunders emphasized the humanitarian impact: “This is a tangible contribution from Customs to global development. It allows for a greater understanding of vaccine availability and opens more opportunities for facilitated clearance of urgently required medical equipment.”
