The new International Code of Safety for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS Code) was adopted during the 111th session of the Maritime Safety Committee in London. The landmark decision marks a massive leap forward in integrating smart technology into global trade while strictly maintaining safety and environmental standards.

As tech-driven ships transition from sci-fi concepts to reality, the MASS Code provides a comprehensive, goal-based framework to ensure these vessels are built, operated, and certified to the same rigorous standards as conventional, crewed ships.

Under the new framework, a Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) is defined by its ability to operate with varying levels of independence. The code covers a wide spectrum of modern maritime operations, including:

• Seaborne automation with crew members remaining on board.

• Remotely controlled vessels operating with or without a physical crew.

• Fully autonomous ships capable of making independent, real-time operational decisions.

The new code targets large, internationally trading cargo vessels and is scheduled to officially take effect on July 1, 2026.

To ensure a smooth transition for the maritime industry, the IMO is adopting a phased approach:

1. Voluntary Period (2026–2028): The code will initially operate on a voluntary basis for at least two years. This allows Member States and tech innovators to test the regulations in real-world scenarios and iron out operational kinks.

2. Mandatory Adoption: The trial period will pave the way for the MASS Code to become a legally binding, mandatory requirement under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). “The MASS Code ensures that as the maritime industry embraces the efficiency of automation and remote operation, we do not compromise on the safety of our seafarers, our oceans, or our global supply chains,” said the IMO.

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